Tokamak. This is a new word to most of the people on the planet but it has been in use by scientists of every kind for over 60 years! This strange device is what contains the heat of the fusion reaction and the resulting plasma energy. The toroidal design is what makes containment and energy extraction possible.
The reaction is created inside a vacuum chamber covered in several arrays of super-cooled magnets. The magnetic fields surrounding the torus area keep the super-hot plasma from making physical contact with the walls of the chamber. This method is said to be the most efficient thus far.
TOROIDAL FIELD CONDUCTOR
Jacketed cable for ITER’s toroidal field conductor: superconducting and non-superconducting strands surround a central channel for helium.
ITER ( International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor )
COOLING WATER SYSTEM
The Hot Basin and Cooling Tower Building at the top right of the diagram is part of the ITER Cooling Water System. Water moves through the pipes of ITER’s tokamak cooling water system (TCWS) at a flow rate of 5 m³ per second, a velocity of 10 meters per second, and a pressure of 14 bars (up to 50 bars at the pump outlet). Compared to standard housing water systems (flow 0.1 m³/sec. velocity 1 meter/sec. and pressure of around 3.5 bars. ) TCWS is 5000 times as big as a standard home water system!